Cholera risk in Asmara

Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, spread through contaminated water and food, and can be fatal without prompt rehydration therapy. In Asmara, the risk score of 57/100 reflects a moderate but real threat, driven by intermittent water supply, aging sanitation infrastructure, and seasonal crowding during festivals and market days.

Local risk factors in Asmara include reliance on communal water taps where contamination can occur, limited sewage treatment, and food sold by street vendors that may not be reheated adequately. During the hot season, demand for water rises and storage practices increase the chance of contamination at the household level.

To protect yourself and your family, follow these practical steps.

1. Drink only water that has been boiled for at least one full minute or treated with chlorine tablets. If you store water, keep containers covered and use a tap or ladle rather than dipping hands or cups inside.

2. Wash hands with soap and clean water before eating, after using the toilet, and before preparing food. If soap is unavailable, use ash or hand sanitizer with at least 60 percent alcohol.

3. Eat food that is freshly cooked and served hot. Avoid raw vegetables, unpeeled fruits, and seafood from vendors unless you can wash and peel them yourself with safe water.

4. Dispose of feces safely. Use latrines or toilets and keep them clean. If using shared facilities, wash hands immediately afterward and avoid touching surfaces.

5. If you or a family member develops severe watery diarrhea, start oral rehydration salts immediately and seek medical care without delay. Early rehydration saves lives.

By focusing on safe water, clean hands, hot food, proper sanitation, and rapid treatment, you can significantly reduce cholera risk in Asmara.